Fallout from the second Sammiversary continues as Ron Begley visits the boys in studio.
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A collection of President Trump Weekly Address to The Nation. My fellow Americans, Confidence in the American economy has reached levels not seen in many, many years. Unemployment fell to its lowest level in nearly ten years last month, and we created 211,000 new jobs. Our economic progress is especially good news for the millions of young Americans who, at this time of the year, are putting on a cap and gown and receiving a diploma, certificate, or commission. So important, and we are so proud...
Topics: Delaware, Wilmington, City of Wilmington, WITN22, Government Access TV, Community Media, PEG,...
LA CityView was honored as the best City Council meeting coverage in the state by SCAN NATOA. Be sure to watch our award-winning coverage on LA CityView cable channel 35 or online at lacityview.org every time that the Los Angeles City Council meets!
Topics: California, Los Angeles, City of Los Angeles, LA City View35, Government Access TV, Community...
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No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 23856ab3b68c431eaf81b98b04d28d09,...
Entry and breakup models predict that airburst in the Earth's atmosphere is likely for asteroids up to approximately 200 meters in diameter. Objects of this size can deposit over 250 megatons of energy into the atmosphere. Fast-running ground damage prediction codes for such events rely heavily upon methods developed from nuclear weapons research to estimate the damage potential for an airburst at altitude. (Collins, 2005; Mathias, 2017; Hills and Goda, 1993). In particular, these tools rely...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), Aftosmis, Michael J., b12c1b448abd401c9b40cf316c8f9512,...
If an asteroid is discovered to be on a collision course with Earth and there is insufficient time for a deflection effort to make it miss Earth completely, should it be redirected to a land or ocean impact? While distance from densely populated areas should obviously be maximized, the differing ability of air blast, seismic waves, and tsunami waves to cause damage at distance does not make the choice between land and ocean impacts an immediately obvious one. More broadly this work is a step...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 5373f87d6b594f2185198e82827094dc,...
Thermal tides are the atmospheric response to diurnally varying thermal forcing resulting from radiative and convective heat transfer from the surface and from aerosol and gaseous heating within the atmosphere. Tides include sun-synchronous (migrating) waves driven in response to solar heating and additional non-migrating waves resulting from longitudinal variations in the distributions of topography, dust aerosol and water ice clouds. The systematic spatial mapping of temperature over 5 Mars...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 0e93f53d3fbf4a54971850848874aafd, Kahre, M., Moffett Field,...
An airburst from a large asteroid during entry can cause significant ground damage. The damage depends on the energy and the altitude of airburst. Breakup of asteroids into fragments and their lateral spread have been observed. Modeling the underlying physics of fragmented bodies interacting at hypersonic speeds and the spread of fragments is needed for a true predictive capability. Current models use heuristic arguments and assumptions such as pancaking or point source explosive energy release...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 0d1e432be6d14da38891527ae83212d3,...
A Near Earth object impacting into Earth's atmosphere may produce damaging effects at the surface due to airblast, thermal pulse, or kinetic impact in the form of meteorites. At large sizes (>many tens of meters), the damage is amplified by the hypersonic impact of these large projectiles moving with cosmic velocity, leaving explosively produced craters. However, much more common is simple \"kinetic\" damage caused by the impact of smaller meteorites moving at terminal speeds. As...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 1f8e018ca3f6451a84c507686764122a,...
The meteoroid environment is often divided conceptually into meteor showers plus a sporadic background component. The sporadic complex poses the bulk of the risk to spacecraft, but showers can produce significant short-term enhancements of the meteoroid flux. The Meteoroid Environment Office (MEO) has produced two environment models to handle these cases: the Meteoroid Engineering Model (MEM) and an annual meteor shower forecast. Both MEM and the forecast are used by multiple manned spaceflight...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), Moorhead, Althea V., NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
A data driven, near photospheric, 3 D, non-force free magnetohydrodynamic model predicts time series of the complete current density, and the resistive heating rate Q at the photosphere in neutral line regions (NLRs) of 14 active regions (ARs). The model is driven by time series of the magnetic field B observed by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite. Spurious Doppler periods due to SDO orbital motion are filtered out of the time series for B in...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 1846afcf80884451b176e09e646e0a49, Applied Research, LLC,...
The Natural Environments Branch of the Engineering Directorate at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) provides solar cycle forecasts for NASA space flight programs and the aerospace community. These forecasts provide future statistical estimates of sunspot number, solar radio 10.7 cm flux (F10.7), and the geomagnetic planetary index, Ap, for input to various space environment models. For example, many thermosphere density computer models used in spacecraft operations, orbital lifetime analysis,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Suggs, Ron
High voltage solar array interactions with the space environment can have a significant impact on array performance and spacecraft charging. Over the past 10 years, data from the International Space Station has allowed for detailed observations of these interactions over long periods of time. Some of the surprising observations have been floating potential transients, which were not expected and are not reproduced by existing models. In order to understand the underlying processes producing...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 79f7c484d1a94c259e94473ddaf995ad, Alabama Univ., Huntsville,...
The Natural Environments Branch of the Engineering Directorate at Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) provides solar cycle forecasts for NASA space flight programs and the aerospace community. These forecasts provide future statistical estimates of sunspot number, solar radio 10.7 cm flux (F10.7), and the geomagnetic planetary index, Ap, for input to various space environment models. For example, many thermosphere density computer models used in spacecraft operations, orbital lifetime analysis,...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Suggs, Ron
The magnetic storm that commenced on June 22, 2015 was one of the largest storms in the current solar cycle. During this event, ionospheric F-region density measurements from the Floating Potential Measurement Unit (FPMU) on board the International Space Station (ISS) show dramatic depletions in the post-sunset (nighttime) local time sector at equatorial latitudes starting in the main phase of the storm and persisting on several subsequent orbits into the next day. Putting these low-latitude...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 0a7f0e7392004eaf9705c7cfa89365c5,...
The meteoroid environment is often divided conceptually into meteor showers and the sporadic meteor background. It is commonly but incorrectly assumed that meteoroid impacts primarily occur during meteor showers; instead, the vast majority of hazardous meteoroids belong to the sporadic complex. Unlike meteor showers, which persist for a few hours to a few weeks, sporadic meteoroids impact the Earth's atmosphere and spacecraft throughout the year. The Meteoroid Environment Office (MEO) has...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), Moorhead, Althea V., NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
The Lightweight Integrated Solar Array and Transceiver (LISA-T) experiment consists of thin-film, low mass, low volume solar panels. Given the variety of thin solar cells and cover materials and the lack of environmental protection typically afforded by thick coverglasses, a series of tests were conducted in Marshall Space Flight Center's Space Environmental Effects Facility to evaluate the performance of these materials. Candidate thin polymeric films and nitinol wires used for deployment were...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 0a31ed9dd7f94f9c884ec0847950b6eb,...
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 1ee69ad951ac4176bfb0e68573e20658,...
Comparing the natural meteorite flux at the Earth's surface to that of space debris, re-entering debris is ~2 orders of magnitude less of a kinetic hazard at all but the very largest (and therefore rarest) sizes compared to natural impactors. Debris re-entries over several metric tonnes are roughly as frequent as natural impactors, but the survival fraction is expected to be much higher. Kinetic hazards from meteorites are very small, with only one recorded (indirect) injury reported. We expect...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 7aa4c96f0d5c443793488afad1160d03, Brown, P., Cooke, W.,...
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 88044f51785f4c3e8bf90d1967071a43, Alabama Univ., Huntsville,...
Electric sails are a relatively new concept for providing high speed propellant-less propulsion. Employing multiple tethers biased to high positive voltage levels (kV), electric sails are designed to gain momentum from the solar wind by repelling solar wind protons. To maximize the area of the sail that interacts with the solar wind, electric sails rely on the formation of a large plasma sheath around each small diameter tether. Motivated by interest in advancing the development of electric...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 0fc4324e54924c48b6d15094f385b160,...
NASA needed a lower mass, reliable, and safe medium for energy storage for ground-based and space applications. Existing industry electrochemical systems are limited in weight, charge rate, energy density, reliability, and safety. We chose a ceramic perovskite material for development, due to its high inherent dielectric properties, long history of use in the capacitor industry, and the safety of a solid state material.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), Hill, Curtis W., Jacobs Technologies Engineering Science...
No abstract available
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 9eb3c2eff0be4d14ac0fb22a974048a5, Alabama Univ., Huntsville,...
The magnetic storm that commenced on June 22, 2015 was one of the largest storms in the current solar cycle, resulting from an active region on the Sun that produced numerous coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and associated interplanetary shock waves. On June 22 at 18:36 UT the magnetosphere was impacted by the leading-edge shock wave and a sheath carrying a large and highly variable interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) Bz with values ranging from +25 to -40 nT. During the subsequent interval from...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 1381767d3168435b919a5e7f2c64eb27,...
The Asteroid Threat Assessment Project (ATAP), a part of NASAs Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) has the responsibility to appraise the range of surface damage by potential asteroid impacts on land or water. If a threat is realized, the project will provide appraisals to officials empowered to make decisions on potential mitigation actions. This paper describes a scenario for assessment of surface damage when characterization of an asteroid had been accomplished by a rendezvous...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 0e645d0f506a45aeb43a6cb67125172b,...
The Asteroid Threat Assessment Project (ATAP), a part of NASAs Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) has the responsibility to appraise the range of surface damage by potential asteroid impacts on land or water. If a threat is realized, the project will provide appraisals to officials empowered to make decisions on potential mitigation actions. This paper describes a scenario for assessment of surface damage when characterization of an asteroid had been accomplished by a rendezvous...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 85d918cfc6d444fb89c42e2b085e9b47, Arnold, James O., Burkhard,...
In binary NiTi alloys, it has long been known that Ni-rich alloys can be heat treated to produce precipitates which both strengthen the matrix against dislocations and improve the behavior of the material under thermal and mechanical cycling. Within recent years, the same effect has been observed in Ni-rich NiTiHf high temperature shape memory alloys and heat treatment regimens have been defined which will reliably produce improved properties. In NiTiPd alloys, precipitation has also been...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 0e305cd8cc8e47a486977e6fb28626f4,...
Computational modeling of the erosion of polymers caused by atomic oxygen in low Earth orbit (LEO) is useful for determining areas of concern for spacecraft environment durability. Successful modeling requires that the characteristics of the environment such as atomic oxygen energy distribution, flux, and angular distribution be properly represented in the model. Thus whether the atomic oxygen is arriving normal to or inclined to a surface and whether it arrives in a consistent direction or is...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 25f3e1f196d44cd5bc91b1c1745dc00a,...
Atomic oxygen is the most predominant specie in low Earth orbit (LEO) and is contained in the upper atmosphere of many other planetary bodies. Formed by photo-dissociation of molecular oxygen, it is highly reactive and energetic enough to break chemical bonds on the surface of many materials and react with them to form either stable or volatile oxides. The extent of the damage for spacecraft depends a lot on how much atomic oxygen arrives at the surface, the energy of the atoms, and the...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), Miller, Sharon K., NASA Glenn Research Center
In this talk we summarize the GEOS-5 capabilities to be deployed during the ORACLES 2016 Campaign. We describe model configuration, data products and web services available. We also discuss the measurement and flight requirements for the GEOS-5 Team.
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 10e942ea3e73405db8bdfd91b463894f, da Silva, Arlindo,...
The Advanced Radiation Protection Thick Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) Shielding Project leverages experimental and modeling approaches to validate a predicted minimum in the radiation exposure versus shielding depth curve. Preliminary results of space radiation models indicate that a minimum in the dose equivalent versus aluminum shielding thickness may exist in the 20-30 g/cm2 region. For greater shield thickness, dose equivalent increases due to secondary neutron and light particle production....
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 15b9fa28c884434b8774aad4c3e4bdc8,...
The Asteroid Redirect Mission (ARM) concept would robotically visit a hazardous-size near-Earth asteroid (NEA) with a rendezvous spacecraft, collect a multi-ton boulder and regolith samples from its surface, demonstrate an innovative planetary defense technique known as the Enhanced Gravity Tractor (EGT), and return the asteroidal material to a stable orbit around the Moon, allowing astronauts to explore the returned material in the mid-2020s. Launch of the robotic vehicle to rendezvous with...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 0467b74a633541ef9cc114149305ef1c,...
A Near Earth object impacting into Earth's atmosphere may produce damaging effects at the surface due to airblast, thermal pulse, or kinetic impact in the form of meteorites. At large sizes (greater than many tens of meters), the damage is amplified by the hypersonic impact of these large projectiles moving with cosmic velocity, leaving explosively produced craters. However, much more common is simple \"kinetic\" damage caused by the impact of smaller meteorites moving at terminal...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 4e01bff993c04c81810f9fde4b7a2551, Brown, Peter,...
The determination of asteroid bulk density is an important aspect of Near Earth Object (NEO) characterization. A fraction of meteoroids originate from asteroids (including some NEOs), thus in lieu of mutual perturbations, satellites, or expensive spacecraft missions, a study of meteoroid bulk densities can potentially provide useful insights into the densities of NEOs and PHOs (Potentially Hazardous Objects). Meteoroid bulk density is still inherently difficult to measure, and is most often...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), a8ecf03bd50541c282b3eb6c4c18bee7, Blaauw, R. C.,...
A comprehensive set of environment definitions is necessary from the beginning of the development of a spacecraft. The Cross-Program Design Specification for Natural Environments (DSNE, SLS-SPEC-159) was originally developed during the Constellation Program and then modified and matured for the Exploration Programs (Space Launch System and Orion). The DSNE includes launch, low-earth orbit, trans-lunar, cis-lunar, interplanetary, and entry/descent/landing environments developed from standard and...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Suggs, Rob
The Lightweight Integrated Solar Array and Transceiver (LISA-T) experiment consists of thin-film, low mass, low volume solar panels. Given the variety of thin solar cells and cover materials and the lack of environmental protection afforded by typical thick coverglasses, a series of tests were conducted in Marshall Space Flight Center's Space Environmental Effects Facility to evaluate the performance of these materials. Candidate thin polymeric films and nitinol wires used for deployment were...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 1bfa0930eb0f4866af5ad551b1524289,...
The meteoroid environment is often divided conceptually into meteor showers plus a sporadic background component. The sporadic complex poses the bulk of the risk to spacecraft, but showers can produce significant short-term enhancements of the meteoroid flux. The Meteoroid Environment Office (MEO) has produced two environment models to handle these cases: the Meteoroid Engineering Model (MEM) and an annual meteor shower forecast. Both MEM and the forecast are used by multiple manned spaceflight...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), Moorhead, Althea V., NASA Marshall Space Flight Center
A data driven, near photospheric, 3 D, non-force free magnetohydrodynamic model pre- dicts time series of the complete current density, and the resistive heating rate Q at the photosphere in neutral line regions (NLRs) of 14 active regions (ARs). The model is driven by time series of the magnetic field B observed by the Helioseismic & Magnetic Imager on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) satellite. Spurious Doppler periods due to SDO orbital motion are filtered out of the time series for...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 30ee83f09a6e49bb91a99f7bd2f3df21,...
The magnetic storm that commenced on June 22, 2015 was one of the largest storms in the current solar cycle. During this event, ionospheric F-region density measurements from the Floating Potential Measurement Unit (FPMU) on board the International Space Station (ISS) show dramatic depletions in the post-sunset (nighttime) local time sector at equatorial latitudes starting in the main phase of the storm and persisting on several subsequent orbits into the next day. Putting these low-latitude...
Topics: NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS), 68d71d5f713b4c579cc3b50d1a793611,...
