so rise here and says be strong to live here in greenland. long ago the viking saw the potential of this part of greenland. and as the ice sheet melts, make you more mining sites accessible. interesting agreements, rich resources will only increase mcclark al jazeera kathy, also greenland. and you can watch net clarks planet s o s special report from greenland in full. coming up at o $830.00 g m t on friday air out is era. a plan for a daring rescue of 3 dogs trapped by lava from the eruption of okay, now in the canary islands is on stand by after an unexpected turn of events, an unprecedented drone operation had been preparing to rescue them. but they weren't spotted during a test flight in the area. the drain operators say the emaciated dogs may have hidden to escape the heat. at the drone company organizing the mission instead saw human footprints and a banner reading. the dogs are fine. they've been delivering small packages of food to dogs over the past 2 weeks. it's always been above than m. austin almost all of it. but other than what

that clark al jazeera coolest look greenland. and you can watch it clog full planet, s o s special report from greenland at 2330 james t on wednesday night. right here on al jazeera. it's also available on our website, al jazeera dot com writes group, say, the number of mine is recruited by armed groups and became a fan. so has risen at least 5 times this year. and among the 1000000 people displaced most i children, nicholas hark reports from well, good you. good. on the outskirts of burkina, faso, capital walk a do who are the few remaining residents of the village of town by in the north, huddled together still in shock. after an attack by the ice al affiliate, these slamming state in the greater sahara, the men and boys of the village are gone. either killed or missing. is baba still alive, asks our deco. she misses her father. her family had been warned. the only man in the village to know how to read and write into simple mouth i was, father knew too much. this made the fighters uncomfortable and suspicious of him. so they t

thus led to profound changes in greenland. nick clark reports the village of close look is remote wild and still in touch with the old ways. just 200 people live here even so it's one of the larger communities on the thinly populated, east coast of greenland sled dog set out the end of summer. eager for the winter snows, humpbacks blow just one of the whale species that feast in these rich seems here to a degree. life still depends on the yield of the arctic waters. as it has done for thousands of years. eustace at work still hunts and fishes for a living. i hover 6 hawks, we brought to water every time we kitch 6, the fish, 6 hope 6 this in return. but things are changing on multiple fronts. after millennia of subsistence living being you, it's are in the middle of a social and cultural transformation as greenland seeks its place. the wide world and it's happening at precisely the moment. climate change is appending the environment. these empty houses tell a story of a population that's pretty much haft in 20 years or so. and

that clark al jazeera, coolest look, greenland, and you can watch nick crafts for planet. i saw a special report from greenland at $2330.00 g m t on wednesday right here on out 0 . it's also available on our website at al jazeera dot com. i volcano on japan's main sat, an island of que shoe has erupted spewing ash more than 3 and a half kilometers into the sky bound a. so saudi routing, early on wednesday morning, if we no immediate recourse of casualties or major damage has been one month since the comparative year have. okay. now on the spanish island of la pama erupted, and scientists say there is no indication that it will stop any time soon. in that time, more than 1800 buildings have been destroyed, mostly houses. about 7000 people have had to leave their homes. the agricultural sector is among the industries hottest hits now bad hair days no longer exists in a small town in northern india that thanks to 2 brothers in the state of punjab who are turning heads with their barbershop. the pair can replicate the taj mahal or even michael jackson's face using their custom

so rise here and the to be strong to live here in greenland. long ago the viking saw the potential of this part of greenland. and as the ice sheet melts, making more mining sites accessible. interesting green ins, rich resorts is, will only increase. mcclark al jazeera cassie also greenland, and you can also watch net clark's full planet as our special report from greenland and full on friday at await that he g m t right here on out of there. now south careers fest domestically produced rocket failed in its mission to put a dummy satellite into orbit. well to ha ha. he is. the notary raw had travelled up to 700 kilometers above the earth. it successfully completed the 1st and 2nd stages of separation, but president when j and said the dummy satellite was unstable and more waxed on needs to be done. you issue me the flight test of the nori has been completed. i'm proud. unfortunately, we didn't reach our goal perfectly well, we cheve the great result with the 1st launch mil, from launch control to take off ignition of the engine twice in the air

or even further afield to the capital nook on the other side of greenland. and for those that remain while they live in this warming world of ours. and it's a world that their ancestors would scarcely recognize mountain guide. matt spencer has lived among the new it in colors. look for 20 years, working with tourists. you've come for the adventure of the wild. you seen 1st hand how fast things have changed. i think the curse, the that the year and, and the rhythm of the seasons is so important to the people here in the sense that the ice forms in, in early winter breaks in an early, early, june, usually. and then that's tied in with all the animals arriving near the fish and seals the whales. when all those patterns become kind of messed up. and, and i sent you that, that is the case with people that don't recognize them anymore. and yet i think the realtor is, is huge challenge for people's way of life. everything is on an epic scale here with 30 meters under the glass here that was replicated under the glass. yeah, absolutely. say anywhere the mouth is goi

so a special report from greenland at $2330.00 james tay on wednesday.

and the arctic is heating twice as fast as the rest of the world are report from greenland, where any people are struggling to adapt to the changing climate. and it will begin in brazil where a report into the countries. corona virus response has pointed the finger of blame at president j a ball, so narrow and recommended he faced criminal charges, including crimes against humanity. the draft report followed a 6 month investigation and still needs to be voted on by the senate committee and could be vetoed and altered, emitted from the document is an earlier recommendation to chargeable to narrow with genocide and murder. of the senator say, the decision to change the recommendation to accuse him of crimes against humanity isn't political, but technical aimed at preventing a judge from throwing out their report. a genocide charge would have related to brazil's indigenous population, including the devastating shortage of oxygen in the arizona state. in may, 2020, and again in january 2021. from the start of the pandemic, boston, our railed against lock downs, frequently refused to wear

i saw a special report from greenland at $2330.00 g m t on wednesday right here on al jazeera. it's also of course, available on our site at algae sierra dot com. ah . the headlines on al jazeera, at least 14 people have been killed in an explosion in serious capital is the worst attack in damascus, and yes, to roadside bombs went off me an army vice. while another one was found nearby. santa hunter has moved from bayville to neighboring lebanon. authorities are calling this a terrorist attack. there has been no claim of responsibility. this explosion in the heart of the syrian capital. clearly, a security breach above carrying soldiers was targeted. so was the military that was targeted? well, we understand that there were 2 exclusive devices that went off as the bus was passing and according to them, there was a 3rd explosive device that did not go off and that they dismantled it. now, it regime definitely has many enemies when they use the word terrors. they mean the opposition. russia is hosting an international conference in afghanistan with taliban officials. attending re

the world is warming, greenland ice sheet is melting, which is changing everything from sea levels to the way people live. and now even exposing the remnants of a cold war pulse greenland the melting of the frozen north on al jazeera lou. i molly insight into your top stories on al jazeera. russia's president is denying his country's behind an energy shortage in europe saying moscow is standing by to help natural gas prices have skyrocketed on the use as people are going to need support as the wind to approaches. there are fee is that the u. k. might start running out of food because of a log jam of shipping containers. the.

so a special report from greenland at $2330.00 james t on wednesday right here on out to 0. it's also available on our website out here at our home. ah. hello, are you watching out 0 and these are the top stories this hour. at least 14 people are being killed in an explosion in the syrian capital. it's the worst attack in damascus in years. 2 bombs went off in an army bass. shortly after government forces bombed the rebel held city of r, he ha, in italy, province. at least 13 people were killed. including children. brazil's president could face charges of crimes against humanity for his handling of the coven. 19 pandemic. a senate parliamentary inquiry committee is presenting its final report into j air ball some hours handling of the crisis. more than 600000 people have died in brazil. russia is giving workers awake off with pay to curve and alarming rising private $19.00 cases and deaths. it will happen at the end of this month. there has been hesitancy amongst russians to get vaccinated with the splitting rain. russia says the taliban months leave up to international expe

witness screen film documenting the human experience on the front line planet at the west report from greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population people empower us, why politicians have been so unaffected in fighting climate change. folk lines investigate horizon temperatures, fueling a water war in the u. s. l, just, they were well shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of the natural resources. the stream takes the fight, the climate justice to our digital community, and up front. it's hard, demanding environmental accountability. the climate emergency a season of special coverage on al jazeera, ah gaudy, more pose as done more race since the dawn, while the cool leader says the military, i stood the ins from government to avoid a civil war. ah, over i'm, how am i here, dean and this is al jazeera, my from doha. also coming up, brazil sentence and corey on the government's handling of the pandemic calls on the supreme court to bound the presidents from social media for his a responsible act.

witnesses green films documenting the human experience on the front line planet at the wet reports from greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population. people empower us why politicians have been so in affected in fighting climate change. fault lines investigates how rising temperatures of fueling a water war in the us algae, there were well shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of the natural resources. the stream takes the fight, the climate justice to our digital community and up front. he thought demanding environmental accountability. the climate emergency a season of special coverage on al jazeera in the world's most populous nation, one in every 4 women south is domestic ah, $1.00 0 $1.00 east investigate china battleground at han, one out 0. 0 l g 0. when ever you ah, ah, i molly inside and oh, i hear top stories on al jazeera president vladimir putin is denying russia is behind an energy shortage in europe, saying moscow is standing by to help. prices for natural gas have skyrocketed that you says people are going

witnesses green films documenting the human experience on the front line planet at the wet report from greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population people and power off why politicians have been so ineffective in fighting climate change. folk lines investigates how rising temperatures of fueling a water war in the u. s. l just they were world shows how a community and then a goal is dependent on the preservation of their natural resources. the screen takes the fight for climate justice to our digital community and up front. it's hard, demanding environmental accountability. the climate emergency a season of special coverage on al jazeera lou. hello on barbara sarah london. these are the top stories on al jazeera. russia's president has been denied his country is behind the energy shortage in europe, saying moscow was standing by to help natural gas prices of sky rocketed to around 6 times higher than this time. last year. the european commission has recommended a series of support measures as the continent heads into winter including tax.

witnesses green's films documenting the human experience on the front line planet at the wet report from greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population. people empower us, why politicians have been so ineffective in fighting climate change. folk lines investigate how rising temperatures of fueling a water war in the u. s. l just they were world shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of their natural resources . the screen takes the fight for climate justice to our digital community and up front. it's hard, demanding environmental accountability. the climate emergency a season of special coverage on al jazeera, france once had a vast empire spending several continents. but by the 1940s, the french were forced to confront reality and demands for independence. in the 1st part of a documentary series al jazeera and looks at how the colonial unrest grew. conflict to no julia and full scale warn indo china blood and his french. the colonization on al jazeera, the venezuela, columbia borgia has become a stumping ground for trespasse

at the wet report from greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population. people empower us why politicians have been so unaffected in fighting climate change. folk lines investigate horizon temperatures, fueling a water war in the u. s. l, just they were world shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of their natural resources . the stream takes the fight for climate justice to our digital community and up front. it's hard, demanding environmental accountability. the climate emergency, a season of special coverage on al jazeera, the venezuela, columbia borgia has become a stamping ground for trespasses. as desperate people transgress an illegal passage to feed an emerging field trafficking markets, we follow that perilous journey unguarded through the line of fire. risking at all the trend is wailing columbia on al jazeera. oh, i'm about to send and don't hard to tell stories on our disease russians. president is denying his countries behind an energy shortage in europe saying moscow is standing by to help. natural

s o s report from greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population. people empower us why politicians have been so in affected in fighting climate change. folk lines investigates how rising temperatures of fueling a water war in the us out there. a world shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of their natural resources . the screen takes the fight for climate justice to our digital community and up front. it's hard, demanding environmental accountability, the climate emergency a season of special coverage on al jazeera. ah, this is al jazeera. ah. hello there. i'm the associate. hey, this is the news. our live from our headquarters here and her coming up in the next 60 minutes. taliban members are targeted in a series of attacks and afghanistan's eastern anger ha province. as a security operation continues against, i thought a show of strength by hungarian prime and a civic to urban as he faces a united opposition ahead of next year's election. the sub.

witnesses green films documenting the human experience on the front line planet at the wet report from greenland, on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population. people empower us why politicians have been so unaffected in fighting climate change. folk lines investigate horizon temperatures of fueling a water war in the us. algebra world shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of their natural resources . the screen takes the fight for climate justice to our digital community and up front. it's hard, demanding environmental accountability. the climate emergency. a season of special coverage on al jazeera. in india's sugar growing region, the 3rd athena workers have had their winds with one or one east investigates why so many women are having invasive surgery on al jazeera it's the world's most populous democracy. diverse, dynamic and undergoing moment is seen context, india dixon. in that look at the people and politics of india. exploring how the coven 19 pandemic struck the nation. it's continuing impact and the lessons learned for

and now even exposing the remnants of a cold war pulse greenland, the melting of the frozen north on al jazeera ah, allow government al jazeera where ever, you know, india marks a mile stone in the fight against over 19. it's given out it's billions dos of a locally made vaccine, while many poor nations are still without ah, play you're watching al jazeera alive from doha with me fully back table. also coming.

witnesses green films documenting the human experience on the front line planet, westbrook or some greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population. people empower us why politicians have been so ineffective in fighting climate change. fault lines, investigate how rising temperatures of fueling a water war in the u. s. l, just they were well shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of their natural resources . the screen takes the fight for climate justice to our digital community. and upfront, he thought, demanding environmental accountability, the climate emergency a season of special coverage on al jazeera. did you know, you can watch out as they were english streaming live on like youtube channel, plus thousands of all programs. award winning documentaries, and in depth news reports. subscribe to you choose dot com, forward slash al jazeera english. ah ha, i'm fully betty boy in doha, with the look at our main stories on al jazeera tunisia. as president chi psi has approved a new government appointed by the prime minist

and now even exposing the remnants of a cold war paused greenland the melting of the frozen no on al jazeera. ah, i've never seen so much devastation or experienced how quickly every thing can change. as the current of ours and searched the events in india became much more than just story. oh, every one was affected. we couldn't keep the people we cared about alive. and there were times on air when i had to hold back tears that every day i was driven to convey the connect of trauma to make sure that despite the high numbers, we didn't forget that every single death represented of families worst moment. and how a lot of suffering could have been avoided. i became a journalist to tell the story of what is happening, but also shows the wider context. i'm elizabeth coroner. mm ah, i agree. i'll g 0 with to. ready hello, i'm barbara, sarah london. these are the top stories on al jazeera. russia's president has denied his country is behind an energy shortage in europe saying moscow is standing by the help. natural gas prices of skyrocketed prompting the e u. to recommend a series of suppor

ocean warming, the certification it rained as i well no, because i was a reigned rather than snowed in greenland for the 1st time. the summer and many areas of the mediterranean experienced record heat waves and wild fires. so the poor nations of the world are looking at this conference to try and help defend against the worst effects of acts of extreme weather. latino from hiring matessa has been to malawi, wilson city, mary, members, the time we left sheila mallory 2nd biggest lake, nearly disappeared. temperature's got extremely hot and there was a little rain. he and his friends. i fished here since they were boys, just like they fathers and grandfathers did they say the drying up of the lake has become more frequent than usual? oceana liebel. there is a difference. they used to be a lot more fish. there were only a few of us, so there was no over fishing. now the population is boomed. there's also climate change. last year the lake dried up. the world banks is nearly half of africa's population loose below the poverty line. and many depend on rivers and lakes for their livelihoods. when ful

and now even exposing the remnants of a cold war, paused greenland the melting of the frozen north on al jazeera. ah. the united nations suspend slides to t gray region after ethiopian government air strikes prevent a plane carrying aid from landing ah, you're watching out a 0 light from a headquarters and i'll find any navigator. also ahead and do activist rowdy and bangladesh calling for an end to compliance. italy's former interior minister mateus albini goes on trial for refusing to let a spanish migrant rescue shipped off in an italian forts and the u. s. demands clarification from israel after it declares 6 palestinian rights groups as the terror organizations. ah, hello, fighting is intensifying between government forces anti bryan rebels and ethiopia as northern mo, state the un, her suspended all age flights to t cry after one if explained was forced to turn back due to government airstrikes. laura burton manley reports oh, you found it. celebrate re gunfire, rings out into great capital, mckelly as captured governments, soldiers, a corralled and trucks and paraded. mccalla h

and now even exposing the remnants of a cold war, ponce greenland, the melting of the frozen, know on al jazeera. what's most important to me is talking to people understanding what they're going through here at al jazeera. we believe every one has a story worth hearing. ah ah, the war to go out, is there a remind rod top stories? are you in plain carrying a t v o p t gray region has been full, so boats landing because of a government air strike. it's the full stay of air raids this week on the t gray and capital mikaela and the u. s. says it will engage with israel and seeking more information of the countries move to designate 6 palestinian civil society groups. is terrorist organizations? is roles accusing organizations of funnelling money to another group leaders of the european union. so it, there's extremely concerned about the growing number of migrants crossing from by the roost, which is not a member v. it's accused vince of what is called state sponsored smuggling. and violence is broken out at rallies by supporters of the band that he gala bike pakistan, party, known as the

and now even exposing the remnants of a cold war, paused greenland the melting of the frozen no on al jazeera blue . a milestone in india's fight against the pandemic. it's given out a 1000000000 doses of cobra 19 vaccines, but concerns remain about a drop in inoculations. ah ha, you're watching al jazeera live from doha with me fully back table. also ahead with south korea joined the race horse space exploration, launching its own rocket for the 1st time and jumpstarting its program. growing worries about china's military capabilities. after report b gene has tested hypersonic miss eyes and another day of protests and so don, supporters of the transitional government are expected to face off with those calling for the military to take ah, we begin in india where they are celebrations to walk the 1000000000 doze of kobe 19 vaccines being administered. it's a 2nd nation to reach out to achieve meant after china. india suffered a surgeon cases early in the year, bringing its health care system coast to collapse, shortages lead to a black market for medicine and oxygen cylinders. it is w

witnesses green films documenting the human experience on the front line planet at the way reports from greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population people empower us why politicians have been so unaffected in fighting climate change. folk lines investigates how rising temperatures are fueling a water war in the us. algae, they were well shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of their natural resources . the screen takes the fight, the climate justice to our digital community, and up front. it's hard, demanding environmental accountability. the climate emergency a season of special coverage on al jazeera inequality, corruption, repression and rate bullets. if you did just decided to cut the piece of cake. i'm sure i want to be a new documentary to explore the desk for the state of democracy and lebanon lou through the eyes of those who are losing hope every day. oh james, i'm going to democracy. maybe democracy for sale on al jazeera ah, holding the powerful to account was we examined the u. s. his role in the world on al

plus, audrey 12 reporting from the east coast to greenland were underneath the glass. you can see evidence of extraordinary yeah, of ice know and china life, the olympic flame and badging ahead of its controversial windy games in 2022. that's coming up with install with jama. ah, demonstrate his in nigeria a mocking a years since at least 12 protest is were killed during rallies against police brutality. i am active in say the government's promises of reform have been hollered. grounds in lagos, gathered anatole gate, that became yet the center of last year's demonstrations protested, say, soldiers in place, open fire on crabs, both denying using the live rounds. this nothing is happening. all we want is just the police cannot continue to feel they didn't. and it will be okay, no, but it turned them up. oh yeah. an investigation by amnesty international also found the nigerian army and police responsible for the killings last year. but nigeria is information minister said the accusations of false ah, a new army interest has more from boucher the foster anniversary of t

plus i'm to clot reporting from the southern to greenland, where sheet farmers are protesting against plans to mine, rarer minerals and the surrounding mountains about pete assembly with your sport. phoebe a face and i'm a backlash in china. that's up to boston celtics today. and as canter describes, the chinese prison she's in pain as a brutal dictator. ah, will thousands are taking part in rival demonstrations across to dawn's capital to mark the anniversary of its 1st revolution. back in 1964, both sides were part of the civilian uprising that led to the ousting of amal, the sheer in 2019. meanwhile, outside of the capital and undermine tear gas was fired at protest as you, according for greater civilian control, over the government. many disagree on the countries future, hurt us. leaders have been calling for com with fear that there could be confrontations on the streets. there is a heavy security presence and hospitals have also been put on stand by. well, let's get the latest from him. morgan. she is alive for us on the streets in courtroom hippa, we're seeing thousands pull ba

are report from greenland we're in europe. people are struggling to adapt to the changing climate about be the same as in dough with other schools news, christiane, and with all those schools of majesty you might have better skimming 3 to come back when over atlanta, in new tampa leslie. ah, we begin in brazil where reporting to the countries karone of ours response has pointed the finger of blame at president jacob, also narrow and recommended. he faced criminal charges, including crimes against humanity. the draft report followed a 6 month investigation and still needs to be voted on by the senate committee and could be vetoed and altered emitted from the document is an earlier recommendation to chargeable to narrow with genocide and murder. the senate to say the decision to change their recommendation to accuse him of crimes against humanity isn't political, but technical aimed at preventing a judge from throwing out their report. genocide charge would have related to brazil's indigenous population, including the devastatin

witnesses green films documenting the human experience on the front line planet at the wet report from greenland on how the rapid rate of melting ice is having a profound effect on the population people empower us, why politicians have been so ineffective in fighting climate change. folk lines investigate horizon temperatures of fueling a water war in the us. out there were world shows how a community in senegal is dependent on the preservation of their natural resources . with green takes the fight for climate justice to our digital community and upfront it's hard demanding environmental accountability. the climate emergency. a season of special coverage on al jazeera. when an ethiopian mother put her daughter up for adoption, she knew little of what was to come. with family bon severed, a traumatized child, torn between 2 world struggles to return home in a profoundly human story, exposing deep floors in denmark's adoption system. a girl in return, a witness documentary on al jazeera. ah, hello, i'm darren jordan in dough with a quick reminder of the top stories here on al jazeera, north korea

and now even exposing the remnants of a cold war pulse greenland, the melting of the frozen north on al jazeera, my la moda, one documentary that anthony lies. i'm want to die ah, on out here. no, oh oh, hello again, this is al jazeera. let's remind you of the main news. the saw colin powell is being remembered as a trail blazing soldier and diplomat. after his death from coven 19 complications. he was the 1st african american to become chairman of the joint chiefs of staff at u. s. secretary of state, the state department watchdog will review the end of the bite, the ministrations diplomatic operations in afghanistan. the u. s. has been criticized for the chaos that followed the collapse of the previous afghan government, which fell to the taliban in japan's prime minister says that north korea has 5 to ballistic missiles. earlier south korea's military claim, the pyongyang had filed one missiles from its east coast. north korea has conducted a series of weapons tests. in recent weeks, unions in haiti's capital bought a prince called a strike on monday to protest against what they s

and now even exposing the remnants of a cold war, ponce greenland, the melting of the frozen north on al jazeera. ah ah, welcome back to watching out as a reminder of our top stories, this allen, russia's president is denying his country is behind an energy shortage in europe saying moscow is standing by to help natural gas gas prices have skyrocketed on the e says people going to need support as winter prices on sizes from northern tank ry say they're facing increase the tags from ethiopia. military pricing is taking place on a number of fronts, including in neighboring regions. typhoon composite has left a trail of destruction in china's island province of high. nun storm is now heading to as vietnam. 90 people died in flash, floods and landslides. when the typhoon hit the philippines. any of this week pro iranian factions in iraq have rejected the results of sundays, parliamentary elections, and warn they will defend their voting rights. as ali hashem reports from baghdad, there are many political issues that have caused this escalation intentions. the celebrations up come join at

we are in greenland looking at the melting ice sheet and its consequences for all of us and in sport, the house of next year is football. world comp have announced a new partnership with the world health organization was spanish tennis player paula: but osa has won the biggest title of her career sheet, former world and one victoria's herancha in indian wells final ah thank you for joining us. collin powell, one of the leading figures of american military and foreign policy for nearly 2 decades, has died at the age of 84. his family confirmed the new saying power died from covered 19 complications. he was the 1st black american to serve as both secretary of state and as the country's top general, our white house correspondent, kimberly hawkins, looks back on calling pounds life and career. colin powell spent his career breaking barriers. he was the son of jamaican immigrants and spent 35 years in the u. s. army. he led combat forces in vietnam and eventually became a 4 star general. powell was ronald reagan's national security adviser in the 1980s in 1989, george h. w. bush made him t